Liquid-fuel-heater burner.



No. 744,098. PATENTED NOV. 17-, 1903.

J. T. PEDERSEN. .LIQUID FUEL HEATER BURNER.

; APPLIGATION FILED MAB. 4. 1903.

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. -UNITED STATES atnted November 1t, 1905;.

PATENT Demos.

.ioHANNEs TH. PEDERSEN, on NEW YORK, N. Y., 'AssIeNoR T0 MORTIMER o.LEWIS, ornnw YORK, N. Y.

LlQulo-FuEL- EATE BURN EFl.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 744,098, dated November17, 1905;

I Application filed March 4, 1903. Serial No. 146,074. (No model.) Y

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LJonAnnns TH. Penna-- SEN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of the borough of queens city of New York, in thecounty of Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel-Heater Burners, of which thefollowing is a full,

clear, and exactspecification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings and to the letters marked thereon.

This invention relates to that variety of liquid-fuel-heater burnerswherein the fuel is converted into gas or vapor within the burnerstructure and issues therefrom under more or less pressure, iningleswith the surrounding air, and is then consumedfor the purpose ofproducing the requisite heat.

While the improvements are applicable to burners of any size or capacityfrom the smallest to the largest, they are chiefly advantageous for usein situations where a considerable volume of heat or flame is required,as for the heating of steamer-boilers and similar uses, being especiallyapplicable in connection with boilers which are movable, as those uponcarriages or trucks and vessels.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide or produce asimple, cheap, reliable, and effective burner of the class named whereinextensive surfaces areprovided for insuring the proper vaporization ofthe liquid fuel, wherein means are supplied for suheating the vaporbefore it. passes out at the gas-jet orifice, and also means for keepingthe liquid fuel separated as much as possible from the gas or vaporwithin the main chamber of the burner.

Subordinate objects are to provide for a constant supplyof liquid fuelto the auxiliary vaporizing-chambers independently of the posltion ofthe burner, to prevent the liquid fuel from being forced over to thegas-jet orifice before it has been converted into gas 'or vapor, and torender the various parts easily accessible for cleaning or repairs, asmay be necessary.

To accomplish the foregoing objects and to secure other and furtheradvantages in the matters of construction, operation, and use,

my improvements involve certain new and burner in its most approvedform, the tank for holding the liquid fuel and means for suspending theburner in place for use being omitted, as these may be of any preferredform. Fig. 2 is a Vertical view, partly in section and partly inelevation, upon planes through the broken linewm of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is aside elevation corresponding with Figs. 1 and 2.

In all the figures like letters of reference wherever they occurindicate corresponding parts.

A represents the main shell or chamber of the burner, which ispreferably of cast metal and is made thick enough and strong enough towithstand the heat and pressure to which it is subjected. This chamberconstitutes the main receptacle for the vaporized material after theoperation of the burner is commenced.

B is a supply-pipe by which the liquid fuel, as oil or other vaporizablematerial, is fed to the burner from a suitable tank or receptacle, and Ois the discharge-tube, leading from the upper part of the main chamber Aand by suitable connections to the gas-jet orifice ct. This latter iscontrolled by any preferred form of valve, preferably by a needle-valve,which prevents the orifice from becoming clogged. When the needle-valveis used, it is moved to or from its seat by a suitable screw-shaft, asI), turned by a convenient handpiece, asc.

Located within the shell or chamber A is a smaller receptacle D,preferably sustained above the bottom of the shellA and free from thesides and top thereof, and this receptacle is closed in any suitableway, as bya plug (1, so that communication between its interior and thatof the shell A can only be had by means to be hereinafter specified. Aplug, as E, in the top of shell A closes the orifice through which thereceptacle D is introduced. The supply-pipe B passes through shell A andcommunicates only with the interior of receptacle D, the joints beingproperly secured to prevent leakage.

F F are short sections of tubing tapped into the lower portions of theside wall of shell A, located radially around the bu rner and closed attheir outer ends, as by removable caps F F. These form the extendedauxiliary chambers for the vaporizationof the liquid fuel, andthey are,when made in the form shown, preferably located at about equal distancefrom each other around the burner. It is obvious that these chambersmight be otherwise formed in connection with the shell A; but in theconstruction shown any one may be easily removed and replaced, ifrequired.

G G, Fig. 2, are delivery-tubes connected with the receptacle D andextending within the tubes F and nearly to their outer extremities,being smaller than said tubes F and being provided with comparativelysmall delivery-orifices, as at g.

When the burner is in operation, there is a uniform pressure on theliquid fuel to force it out at the orifices g, and it is vaporized inthe tubes F and backs up into the main chamber A. The liquid beingexposed to the heat of the flame in the narrow space between tubes F andG is more easily and effectually vaporized than when admitted to asingle chamber of the usual form employed in heater-burners. To renderthe vaporized material better fitted for burning, I provide means forsuperheating it before it is delivered to the burner-orifice. For thispurpose a number of tubes, as H H, extend out from the upper part of theshell A, communicating with the interior thereof and being closed attheir outer ends. The tubes H extend out to about the same distance asthe tubes F,

.and they are equally exposed to the flame produced by the burner. Vaporor gas generated in the tubes F passes into the chamber A, where it isfurther heated and expanded and enters the tubes H H, where it is stillmore highly heated or superheated and forces its Way back to the chamberA and then down through the tube 0 to the burner-orifice in a mannereasily understood. The tubes H H are preferably located perpendicularlyto the axis of the burner and, like the tubes F, may be removed forcleaning or other purpose, if necessary.

The tubes F F are inclined downwardly, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3.The purpose of this arrangement is to prevent the oil or other liquidfrom flowing back into the chamberA before it is vaporized and to insurealways a proper supply of oil or liquid to the auxiliaryvaporizing-chambers no matter what may be the position of the burner.For instance, when the burner is employed on a steam vessel themovements of the vessel alter the perpendicularity of the burner. Byinclining the tubes F downwardly, substantially as indicated, no matterhow the burner may be tipped liquid will always be projected into theuppermost vaporizingtubes, and being delivered into these tubes througha small orifice the tubes cannot be flooded before the burner isreturned to its normal position. Thus the vaporization is carried on atall parts of the burner in very nearly equal degrees and under allcircumstances of movement.

The initial lighting of the burner may be accomplished in any of theusual ways, either by flooding the burner and igniting some of thematerial which first passes out at the burner-orifice or by heatingtheburner by the application of a separate flame. The flame passes upbetween and around the projecting tubes and quickly vaporizes thecontained liquid. By the construction indicated the central or mainchamber is made comparatively small, while the surfaces exposed to theheat of the flame are quite extensive and do not impede its upwardpassage to perform the work required of it. The vaporizing capacity ofthe improved burner is always equal to the greatest amount of fuel thatcan be fed to it.

Being constructed and arranged substantially in accordance with theforegoing explanations the improvements have been found to answer allthe purposes or objects of the invention hereinbefore alluded to.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new herein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the main chamber, aninterior fuel-receptacle, auxiliary vaporizing-chambers projecting fromthe main chamber, and tubes extending from the interior receptacle andarranged to deliver fuel at or near the extremities of the auxiliaryvaporizing-chambers, the parts being combined and arranged substantiallyas and for the purposes explained.

2. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the combination withthe main chamber of an interior receptacle and auxiliaryvaporizing-chambers projecting therefrom,of the fuel-conducting tubesleading from the interior receptacle and provided at their extremitieswith contracted orifices, substantially as and for the purposesexplained.

3. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the combination withthe main chamber of auxiliary vaporizing chambers arranged around andprojecting from the main chamber and inclined downwardly,and means fordelivering fuel into said inclined chambers, substantially as and forthe purposes explained.

4. In a burner of the character herein set forth, the combination withthe main chamber and series of auxiliary vaporizing-chambers connectedtherewith and extending therefrom, of superheating chambers extending :ochambers connected with the said main chamber and discharge-tube andgas-jet orifice, all constructed and arranged for operationsubstantially as explained.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the"presence of 15 two subscribing witnesses.

JOHANNES TH. PEDERSEN.

Witnesses:

O. SEDGWIOK, WORTH Oseoon.

